According to her, these messages are often motivated by material interests. Many returnees discover, upon their return, that reality is different from what they had been told.
Ms. Manirakiza believes that returning allows for direct contact, which helps to dismantle stereotypes and reduce tensions.
Reinforcement of feelings of insecurity and dissatisfaction
Rémy Havyarimana, an expert in peaceful conflict resolution, believes that the prolonged exile of Burundians is already a problem in itself. Hate speech encourages refugees to remain abroad.
It also reinforces feelings of insecurity and dissatisfaction.
He warns that these frustrations can have negative consequences, particularly by fostering the emergence of malicious groups. These groups are likely to operate beyond their host country and direct their activities towards their country of origin.
He proposes action on two levels. First, the state should analyze the causes of exile in order to provide concrete solutions.
It should also improve communication about the progress made. This would help restore the confidence of Burundians living abroad.
Furthermore, families also have an important role to play because they maintain constant contact with refugees.
They should provide objective information about the situation in the country. According to him, their messages can either encourage or discourage return.
Refugees sometimes receive conflicting information.
Odette Kamariza, director in charge of repatriation and resettlement at the Ministry of the Interior, explains that the reasons for remaining in exile are numerous. Many Burundians fled because of insecurity.
With the return of stability, some have returned. Others remain abroad. According to her, some hope to be resettled in a third country. They therefore continue to spread negative messages about Burundi.
She also mentions land interests. Relatives who farm the land of the exiles are allegedly trying to discourage them from returning in order to keep these properties.
To encourage voluntary return, the government regularly conducts awareness campaigns in refugee camps with host countries and the UNHCR. “Burundian delegations engage in dialogue with refugees.
They also allow some to return temporarily to Burundi to see the situation for themselves before speaking to others.”
According to Odette Kamariza, these exchanges are not always easy. Refugees sometimes have conflicting information. However, she believes that dialogue gradually helps to clear up misunderstandings and bring viewpoints closer together.
